Conditional IF

Real Conditional: (First Conditional)

1. Future Time
IF + S + Present Tense, S + Will/Can/May/Must + V1
e.g. If I have the money, I WILL give it to you = Jika aku punya uangnya, aku akan memberikannya kepadamu.
I CAN pass this exam if I study hard = Aku bisa lulus ujian ini jika aku belajar giat.

2. Habitual
IF + S + V1, S + V1
e.g. If he has money, he always treats us = Jika dia punya uang, dia selalu mentraktir kita.

3. Command
IF + S + V1, S + V1
e.g. If you finish with your work, please help me = Jika kamu selesai dengan pekerjaanmu, tolong bantu aku.

Unreal or Contrary to Fact Conditional:

1. Unreal Conditional > The fact is Simple Present Tense or Future Tense (Second Conditional)
If + S + verb2, S + would/could/might + Verb1
e.g. IF She WERE here, She could amuse me = Jika dia di sini, dia dapat menghiburku. (The fact: She is not here, she can’t amuse me)

2. Unreal Conditional > The fact is Simple Past Tense or Past Future Tense (Third Conditional)
If + S + had + verb3, S + would/could/might + have + V3
e.g. You could have answered the questions well if you had studied well last night = Kamu dapat menjawab soal-soal dengan baik, jika kamu belajar dengan baik tadi malam. The Fact: You couldn’t answer the questions well, because you didn’t study well last night.

NOTE: For Second Conditonal always use be WERE for FORMAL condition or EXAM/TEST. However be WAS is also used in SPEAKING but for WRITTEN-language using be WAS for Unreal Conditional is incorrect